Reversible rotary hydraulic coupling



March 6, 1951 s. e. LUNDGREN ET AL 2,544,167

REVERSIBLE ROTARY HYDRAULIC COUPLING Filed April 26, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR 3 S. 6,. LUNDGREN ML Orro ERIASSON v BY r Zf ATTORNEY Filed April 26, 1945 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 6, 1951 s. G. LUNDGREN ET AL 2,544,157

REVERSIBLE ROTARY HYDRAULIC COUPLING INVENTORS S. G. [UNDGREN M OrraERmsswv ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 6, 1951 UNI-T so:

PATENT OFFICE REMEBSIBLE. B T Y DRA 1 OU LI G.

Svem- Giista Lundgren, I-Iammarbyhojden, and; Erik- Otto;Eriksson-, Lidingo sweden, assignors r eassignments, to Jarv-is, C. lv larble, -.-.Mr l =an et r B rs a AiiplicatiomApril-ZS; 1945, SerialNo. 590,394. In :Sweden March 5237.219459:

This-.-inventionrelat s:tahydraul xconp in 9 t e; closed circuittypeand;hasparti l rereis r ence toreversible couplings f this;;kind.;

I the pendin appli ation; -pat nt: S rial;

No. 500,007 filedby Alf .LYShQhIlyjiSSilQd; as Patent- No- 4,586 ;on' Jun 28.11%9; therei s how and 1 described a I'CVB SI Dl EGQUR o zthesen ltype under consideration in;.which;;the reversing -f-unc-.

tionis; accomplished;by:shifting reversingblades fr m a position: mathscu t b tw en ezout t' side of the-pummmadcs:andrt e. n side, a he. turbine blad s-1 9.1%: P951 oni n.

While inmanmresnectssat s r asonab ;-.d a ds. on; a reversibleghydra .,c..-1 onpl n has:

not .nroy d'to be-iully efiestivewh n t has to u1-. fil greater demands particularly, n ease of-gback e ward drive;

Therefore, theegeneraloblegfipf the present invention is to provide an improved form of reversible hydraulic coupling wh-ich-iscapable of providing capacity and efficiency characteristics in backward drive which will, for example, permit-of a marine propeller or other drivenelementbeingwith the accompanying drawings, there is disclosed by way of example, but without limitation; one suitable "form" of apparatus for; carrying; the invention into effect:

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a more or less diagrammatic half section of a coupling embodying the principles of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a more or less diagrammatic sectional view on line II-,-II of Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale and Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but illustrating another embodiment of the invention Referring to the drawings, a pump, P, a turbine T and two rims of reversing guide blades ill and I l between them provide the hydraulic circuit.

The pump P is driven by a primary or power input shaft 3, and it consists substantially of two discs I and a rim of pump blades 4 between them.

The turbine T drives a secondary'or output shaft 1 and consists substantially of two discs 5 and a rim of turbine blades 6 between them. The

irth bi trrg confrontinginner. discs. I and 5 of the pump and turbine members form the usual annular core member definin the inner wall of the hydraulic circuit. The shaftv lhas at its outer end a coui rltpling. fiange ii or. other corresponding means for transmitting the output torque. The primary shaft 3 as well as the secondary shaft 1 are journalled in a stationary housing 23.

The'reversingblades interposed between the rpump and the turbine consist of an inner rim [0.

and an outer rim |l, said rims being convenientlysubdivided into sectors-as shown in Fig. 2. At least the; sectors of the outerv rim are displace:

able radially. The sectors of the rims of revers-... ing blades are each secured to carriersef'which byvfmeans of beams. IE or thelike. are connected toa carrier disc 16. Thedisc I6 is at its hub.

24 journalled onthesecondary shaft 7. The hub 24i is at. its outer. end connected to a brake, suit- Qq-ab1yinthe form ofa plate compressor brake.

Thesectors of reversing blades. forming the outer rim areconnected by pairs to corresponding, sectors of the innerrim, by means of lever arms lzlsuitabl pivoted onthe reaction member, andlinks l3. Springs I4, or equivalentmeans, act on the connected parts to urge the reversing ad s into he. c rcui -h I n;the illustrated embodiment the brake con-.v sists of a plate compressor brake, comprising a,

gq stationary casing I1, a series ofnon-rotary plates l8 andaseriesof plates is connected to the hol-.

10w hub 24.

An air or oil operated plunger Zll is adapted to compress the plates ,of the brake, and springs 2 l' acting on the plunger serve to release the plates. A channel 22 serves as an inlet and outlet for the air or oil for controlling the plunger 20. The coupling operates substantially as follows:

In the case of forward drive the channel 22 40 is open to the atmosphere and the plunger 20 is by the springs 2| held in its retracted position, i. e. the brake is disengaged. Thereby the disc l5 and the blade carriers 9 rotate at substantially the same speed as the pump, and under the influence of centrifugal force the inner blade sectors II] are displaced outwardly. By suitable arrangement of the linkage l2, l3 and suitable proportionating of the masses the centrifugal forces affecting the outer sectors ll of the reversing blades will be balanced so that said outer sectors are pulled inwardly into the blade carriers 9 by like movements of the inner blade sectors l0. Then the only obstruction in the circuit will consist of the beams I5.

66 The turbine and the secondary shaft I will then rotate in the same direction as the pump and with a slip of about 3%. Then the input torque and the output torque are equal.

When reversing to backward drive air or oil is admitted through the channel 22, whereby the plunger 20 will compress the plates I8 and I9 so that the disc I6 and the blade carrier 9 are arrested and the centrifugal forces cease.

The springs M will then force the outer and the inner sectors of reversing blades into their respective circuits so that the rotary direction of the turbine and the secondary shaft 1 is reversed. The springs 14 may also be positioned in the chambers between the walls of the carrier 9 and the inner walls I and 5, respectively. The blade sectors Il may also be guided in other manner than that illustrated. They may be mounted on links, for example.

In accordance with the invention the blading may also be so arranged that only the outer reversing blades are withdrawn from the circuit when in forward drive. Such arrangement is shown in Fig. 3 in which the inner blades l9 are arranged to remain permanently in the circuit and, for withdrawing the outer blades H, counterweights 25 are attached to the levers l2 in place of the links [3 which connect the levers to the inner blades in the embodiment shown in Fig. 2. In the arrangement of Fig. 3 centrifugal force acting on the counterweights 25 operates to pull the sectors of reversing blades l I inwardly out of the circuit. In this latter embodiment the inner blades 50 are preferably substantially straight.

We claim:

1. A reversible hydraulic coupling of the closed circuit type comprising a driving member having a row of pump blades, a driven member having a row of turbine blades, means for reversing the direction of rotation of said driven member comprising a first row of guide blades receiving fluid directly from the pump blades and discharging directly to the turbine blades and a second row of guide blades receiving fluid directly from the turbine blades and discharging directly to the inlet of the pump blades, said guide blades being rotatably mounted and having means operatively associated therewith for selectively holding said guide blades rotationally stationary or releasing them to rotate freely and means for withdrawing at least said first row of guide blades from the circuit when the guide blades are released to rotate.

2. A coupling as set forth in claim 1 in which an annular core member defines the inner wall of u 4 the circuit and said first guide blades are withdrawn from the circuit into the core member when they are released to rotate.

3. A coupling as set forth in claim 1 havin an annular core member defining the inner wall of the circuit and means responsive to rotation of the guide blades when the guide blades are released for withdrawing said first guide blade means from the circuit into the core member.

4. A coupling as set forth in claim 1 including an annular core member defining the inner wall of the circuit, spring means acting to force said first guide blades radially outwardly from said core member into the circuit when the guide blades are held against rotation and means connected with said first guide blades and acted on by centrifugal force when the guide blades are released and rotate for overcoming said spring means and withdrawing said first guide blades radially inwardly into said core member.

5. A coupling as set forth in claim 1 in which an annular core member defines the inner wall of the circuit, said first row of guide blades is subdivided into a series of segments and said means for withdrawing the blades from the circuit is actuated by centrifugal force to move the blade segments into the core member when the guide blades are released and rotate.

6. A coupling as set forth in claim 1 in which an annular core member defines the inner wall of the circuit and means interconnectin said first and said second rows of guide blades and responsive to centrifugal force when the guide blades are released and rotate for withdrawing both rows of guide blades from the circuit into said core member.

SVEN GC JSTA LUNDGREN.

ERIK OTTO ERIKSSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,015,212 Beaumont Sept. 24, 1935 2,096,070 Sinclair Oct. 19, 1937 2,152,113 Van Lammeren Mar. 28, 1939 2,162,543 Banner June 13, 1939 2,205,794 Jandasek June 25, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 362,952 Great Britain of 1931 456,277 Great Britain of 1936 

